Yet Still Standing
Various musings on poerty, prose, politics, history, food, education, retirement, aging, life, death, democracy, journalism, and the fall of the American Empire.
Friday, July 26, 2013
Life is Good
This has been the best summer in forever. It rained more than once. My first trip to Seattle (6 days) was fantastic. I walked for miles with no problems with my knees. I entered the local Art Show and won an HM ribbon, and my silk painting sold. Our mini class reunion to Santa Fe (4 nights) was wonderful. I got in touch with people I hadn't seen in years. I made a couple of new friends. On the home front, I got new energy saving modern windows across the front of my house. My yard looks great. I got rid of a bunch of relics and my house does not look like a Cracker Barrel restaurant anymore. The more I get rid of, the freer I feel. Life is good.
Sunday, December 30, 2012
The Streets of Carlsbad - Bonbright Street
Included in the second group
of investors brought in by J. J. Hagerman was William P. Bonbright. This
connection, like the connection with Joseph Stevens, was made through the
Broadmoor Country Club in Colorado Springs. Although originally from Philadelphia,
where he was the co-owner of a dry goods store (which eventually became
Wanamaker’s and then Macy’s), during the 1890s, William Bonbright was a
stockbroker, and a civic and financial leader in Colorado Springs. There he was
involved in mining, securities, electric companies, and various other
investment ventures. Mr. Bonbright and Mr. Hagerman had been successful
partners in at least one mining venture.
Mr. Bonbright filed on a
section of land through the Desert Land Act in 1890. In 1891, the Eddy school
teacher, Edith Ohls also received a land grant which she then deeded to William
Bonbright. Also in 1891, Bonbright was
listed as the vice-president of the First National Bank of Eddy. He owned 70
shares of the Pecos Valley Irrigation and Investment Company. William P. Bonbright
never resided in Eddy/Carlsbad. When the
disagreement between Mr. Eddy and Mr. Hagerman resulted in Charles B. Eddy
leaving the Pecos Valley, Mr. Bonbright also cut his losses and his connection
with the town. In 1910, the only shareholders present at the ninth annual Pecos
Irrigation Meeting were Francis G. Tracy, I. S. Osborne and C. H. McLenathen.
Mr. Stevens, Mr. Bonbright, Mr. Tansill, and Mr. Shaw had given the proxy of
their shares to Mr. Tracy.
In 1887, Mr. Bonbright moved
to London opening a brokerage office where he was the chief correspondent.
After five years, he returned to New York City and the main office of Bonbright
and Company was located there. From then until the outbreak of WWI, the Bonbright
Company was a recognized leader in the financing of electrical and allied
public utility fields that were actively expanding during that era. Mr.
Bonbright passed away between 1912 and 1914. Mrs. Alice Bonbright is listed in
the 1915 New York City Directory as a widow and head of household.
The Streets of Carlsbad - Mermod Street
Land speculation in the
1890s is the main reason for the development of Eddy/Carlsbad. To develop land
in the desert, it was necessary to provide water to agricultural land. The early irrigation developers, Charles B.
Eddy, Robert W. Tansill, Charles Greene, Joseph Stevens, and Francis Tracy were
joined by Arthur Mermod. The early developers used land laws to obtain land for
development. Both Mr. Mermod and his wife were granted a section of land under
the Desert Land Act.
Arthur Mermod (pronounced
with a silent “d”) was from a wealthy family in St. Louis, Missouri. His father
was the owner and president of the Mermod-Jaccard Jewelry Company of St. Louis,
at the time one of the largest jewelry companies in the country. Mr. Eddy knew
Arthur Mermod from the Colorado Springs area, where Eli and Arthur Mermod, Jr.
had “dabbled” in cattle ranching. His father had invested in a cattle ranch in
the Colorado Springs area, in an effort to give his sons a sense of purpose.
The Mermod ranch and the Eddy ranch were in close proximity. Mrs. Arthur Mermod
was the best friend of the Charles Eddy’s sister, Mrs. Mary Fox (Fox Street).
When the Tansill party made the trip from Toyah, Mrs. Fox and Mrs. Mermod were
visiting the Eddy Ranch and acted as hostesses to the visiting potential
investors.
Although the Mermod family
did not establish a residence in Eddy, they spent a part of each winter in the
town. The family divided their time between St. Louis, Colorado Springs, and
Eddy. Mr. Mermod became involved in the first real estate sales office in Eddy.
During the 1890s, he served as a U.S. land commissioner. He recorded deeds of land transactions as
early as August of 1890. There were handbills printed by The Argus that identified Mr. Mermod as a land commissioner,
notary, and sales agent for the investment company. He was mentioned in
advertisements and brochures sent across the country talking up the advantages
of life in the Pecos Valley.
Land speculation in the
1890s is the main reason for the development of Eddy/Carlsbad. To develop land
in the desert, it was necessary to provide water to agricultural land. The early irrigation developers, Charles B.
Eddy, Robert W. Tansill, Charles Greene, Joseph Stevens, and Francis Tracy were
joined by Arthur Mermod. The early developers used land laws to obtain land for
development. Both Mr. Mermod and his wife were granted a section of land under
the Desert Land Act.
Arthur Mermod (pronounced
with a silent “d”) was from a wealthy family in St. Louis, Missouri. His father
was the owner and president of the Mermod-Jaccard Jewelry Company of St. Louis,
at the time one of the largest jewelry companies in the country. Mr. Eddy knew
Arthur Mermod from the Colorado Springs area, where Eli and Arthur Mermod, Jr.
had “dabbled” in cattle ranching. His father had invested in a cattle ranch in
the Colorado Springs area, in an effort to give his sons a sense of purpose.
The Mermod ranch and the Eddy ranch were in close proximity. Mrs. Arthur Mermod
was the best friend of the Charles Eddy’s sister, Mrs. Mary Fox (Fox Street).
When the Tansill party made the trip from Toyah, Mrs. Fox and Mrs. Mermod were
visiting the Eddy Ranch and acted as hostesses to the visiting potential
investors.
Although the Mermod family
did not establish a residence in Eddy, they spent a part of each winter in the
town. The family divided their time between St. Louis, Colorado Springs, and
Eddy. Mr. Mermod became involved in the first real estate sales office in Eddy.
During the 1890s, he served as a U.S. land commissioner. He recorded deeds of land transactions as
early as August of 1890. There were handbills printed by The Argus that identified Mr. Mermod as a land commissioner,
notary, and sales agent for the investment company. He was mentioned in
advertisements and brochures sent across the country talking up the advantages
of life in the Pecos Valley.
In Mr. Tracy’s Reminiscences,
he reported (when the Panic of 1893 and the flood of the Pecos followed), “The
strain of the reversal was so disheartening, that discord broke out among the
promoters themselves , and after an unsuccessful attempt to wrest control from
Mr. Hagerman, Mr. Eddy and his associates (including Mermod) withdrew from the
valley and never returned.”
Sunday, December 2, 2012
The Streets of Carlsbad - Tracy Place
Francis Gallatin Tracy, Sr. |
Recruited by his
uncle, Joseph Stevens, Francis Gallatin Tracy, Sr. came west to inspect and invest
in the irrigation venture. Mr. Tracy returned to New York; however, he was so
impressed he sold his holdings on Long Island and returned to Eddy. He remained
to manage Mr. Steven’s and his own investments.
Mr. Tracy was twenty-six
when he came to Eddy from New York in 1890 with $163 and two collie dogs. He
went to work for the Pecos Valley Town Company for $75 a month, investing most
of his earnings in lots in the town and in his farm. The early agricultural boom collapsed when
the entire United States
was hit by the Panic of 1893. The
same year the Pecos River flooded and destroyed part of the irrigation ditches,
tore out railroad tracks, and washed out the Rock and Hagerman Dams. A few
pioneer farmers decided to “pull up stakes” and moved away. Mr. Tracy was
determined to stay and be successful.
After the flood and economic
downturn, Francis G. Tracy supervised preparation for building a new concrete
flume across the river. The concrete flume was built by the Witt Brothers and
finished in 1903. This flume was "one of the largest of its kind in the
world."
The irrigation system was
barely back in operation when the river flooded again in 1904. In desperation,
the development company’s officers negotiated a sale to the United State Bureau
of Reclamation in 1905 for $150,000 or about ten cents for each original
investment dollar. In 1907 with Bureau money, the irrigation of 30,000 acres
using 145 miles of ditches was completed. Francis G. Tracy was largely
responsible for the successful reorganization and completion of the
reconstruction.
New construction brought
jobs and helped the economy. When the project was completed, farmers were able
to increase alfalfa acreage dramatically. The Carlsbad Irrigation Co. was the
first in the United States
to pay back its debt to the Bureau of Reclamation and return to local
ownership. Francis Tracy was largely responsible for this effort. The
irrigation system was the largest built by private enterprise, and declared a
National Landmark in 1973.
A hard freeze in 1906 killed
most of the fruit trees and ended growing fruit as an agricultural industry in
the Pecos Valley. Francis G. Tracy and C. H. McLenathen, the leading farmers of
the area, found with irrigation cotton could be grown profitably. Cotton became
the county’s major cash crop, grossing a half million dollars in 1908. Mr.
Tracy was a life-long civic and community leader and continued to be of
influence until his death in January of 1951. His descendants still reside in
Carlsbad and continue his civic work.
Sunday, November 25, 2012
The Streets of Carlsbad - Stevens Street
Teddy Roosevelt and the Rough Riders 1889 |
After being diagnosed with tuberculosis, Joseph Stevens came west, to Colorado Springs, which at the time was a sort of playground for the wealthy. He had played polo at Harvard College and was considered to be the best polo player in the country. In Colorado Springs, as a member of the Broadmoor Country Club, he met and became good friends with Charles and John Eddy, who also had family connections with the Chemical National Bank in New York City. As early as 1887, the Eddy brothers had recruited Stevens to invest in their grand scheme to irrigate the desert of New Mexico. He traveled from Colorado to the Eddy’s Halagueno Ranch before his twenty-first birthday. After his visit, he was convinced that southeast New Mexico was a good place to invest his inheritance. He immediately recruited his father, Fredrick and his nephew, Francis Tracy to come west and invest in the irrigation venture. Steven’s father and Mr. Tracy returned to New York; however, Mr. Tracy was so impressed with his visit, that he sold his holdings on Long Island and returned to New Mexico. He remained in Carlsbad to manage Mr. Steven’s and his own investments.
Joseph Sampson Stevens went on to join Teddy Roosevelt’s Rough Riders. In May of 1889, he traveled to Cuba and fought in the Spanish-American War. He returned from the war with what was, at the time, termed “Cuban Fever” (malaria). On his return, he spent time re-cooperating living with his mother (now the Duchesse de Dino) on the French Rivera. In 1899, he married Clara Sherwood Rollins. In 1904, at the Broadmoor in Colorado Springs, he played polo with President Teddy Roosevelt at a Rough Rider Reunion. He served on the board of directors of the Chemical National Bank in New York City and built “Kirby Hill”, a manor estate still in existence in Newport, Rhode Island. Joseph S. Stevens passed away March 23, 1935 at the age of 69, in Charlotte, South Carolina.
Sunday, November 18, 2012
The Streets of Carlsbad - Greene Street
The view from the southwest corner of Greene and Main Streets during the flood of 1893. Photo courtesy of nearlovingsbend.net |
His youngest daughter described the effort with these words: "To carry out his project, Mr. Greene chartered a private car from Chicago and a party was formed to carry out the ideas and make their dream come true of transforming a desert into a land of prosperity. Those making this first trip were: R.W. Tansill, Mrs. Ruth Hustis, Ed S. Motter, Mr. and Mrs. Charles Gregory, Mrs Minnie H. Gibson, and the Messrs. Philpot, Hinkle, and O'Meara, all from Chicago. At St. Louis, Miss Mary Reed, daughter of Mr. Greene, joined the party and upon the invitation of Mr. Tansill, Lillian Greene went as mascot."
When the town was christened in 1888, it was Mr. Greene's daughter, Lillian, who did the honors by breaking the bottle of champagne on a rock at the low water crossing. The first wooden bridge over the Pecos, on Greene Street, was completed in 1890. People came from all over the country to have a hand in the development of the new town.
Mr. Greene's enthusiasm could not be contained, and he was not satisfied with slow and steady growth. He moved to Europe and settled in London, where he spent the next five years devoting his efforts to promoting Irrigation and Investment Company and the town of Eddy. He was responsible for bringing many colonies of foreigner to the Pecos Valley to settle and grow their crops.
This was successful until 1893, when a national economic panic and a terrible flood of the Pecos caused a reversal of fortune. Many of the immigrants left the Pecos Valley, as did many investors. Mr. Eddy and his associates backed out of the venture. Mr. Greene was one of those left responsible and it was too much for him. He lost his entire fortune and died soon after in New York City. But he is still remembered in Carlsbad, with Greene street, ending with an "e."
Sunday, November 11, 2012
The Streets of Carlsbad - Hagerman Street
James John Hagerman |
Many of the streets in our town are name after people who came before us. They were developers, capitalists, and visionaries. They could see a land of opportunity in the desert, maybe none more so than James John Hagerman. Mr. Eddy traveled all the way to Colorado Springs to recruit Mr. Hagerman. Mr. Eddy picked up Mr. Hagerman at the Toyah train depot and drove him through the
J.J. Hagerman invested heavily and became the force
behind the development of southeastern New Mexico, bringing the railroad from
Pecos to Roswell. There were serious problems between Mr. Hagerman and
Eddy. Both were strong personalities and
they fought about business operations. There were economic problems throughout
the nation in 1893, and in 1895 a flood washed out most of the irrigation
canals and dams that had been completed.
A great deal more money would be needed to complete and rebuild the
irrigation project. Charles Bishop Eddy
left Carlsbad in 1895 to go into developments in the El Paso area. He never returned to the town or county to
which he had given his name.
Mr. Hagerman continued to invest. Hagerman had seen
the need for an easier way for people to get to the Pecos Valley and to get
valley farmers’ crops to market. Hagerman formed a separate company to build
the Pecos Valley Railroad from Pecos ,
Texas , and in 1891 the
townspeople celebrated the arrival of the first train. Hagerman built a large
home east of the river and town. He later invested more of his money to extend
the railroad to Roswell and to Amarillo. Although the town of Hagerman was
named for him, the Hagerman family never lived there. In 1900, Mr. Hagerman sold his home in
Colorado and moved to Roswell. He purchased the John Chisum South Springs
property. In 1906, his son, Herbert, became the Territorial Governor of New
Mexico. Hagerman died in Italy while touring Europe with his wife and was
buried in Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
Sunday, October 21, 2012
The Streets of Carlsbad - Eddy Street
Charles B. Eddy in trimmed beard plaid bowtie, top-buttoned coat. Eddy was the original La Huerta ranch owner and project promoter. |
Of course, the most prominent name in early Eddy/Carlsbad was that of cattleman turned promoter, Charles B. Eddy. None of the first streets were named for Mr. Eddy. However, the town took Eddy’s name, and in 1889 when two new counties were formed from the southern part of Lincoln County, one was named Chavez and the other, Eddy.
Charles Bishop Eddy was born in 1857 in Milford, New York. In the early 1880s, he and his brother, John Arthur Eddy, came to Colorado to try cattle ranching. John was the day to day manager, and Charles, the promoter. They soon moved south and purchased the Pecos Valley Ranch along the Pecos in the southeast part of the territory.
Charles and John, with the financing from a New York banker, began developing the Eddy-Bissell Ranch in 1881. At first, cattle ranching seemed profitable. The first few years there was enough grass and rain for the cattle in the valley. However, rainfall in southeast New Mexico was never dependable. The drought of 1885 and 1886 was severe. Eddy lost one third of his herd and he was lucky, many other ranchers were wiped out.
Always a promoter, after the drought of 1885 and 1886, Eddy began an irrigation development. In 1887, he and other investors formed a company and incorporated the town of Eddy from a portion the Eddy-Bissell Ranch. Charles Eddy was responsible for planting the cottonwood trees that were one of the early attractions of the town. Despite Eddy’s effort promoting the town, the company was in financial trouble until Robert W. Tansill introduced Mr. Eddy to James John Hagerman. Mr. Hagerman became a major factor in development, bringing the railroad from Pecos to Roswell.
Starting in 1893, there were economic difficulties, and in 1895 a serious flood destroyed a major portion of the canals, dams, and railroad. New money was needed and the major investors disagreed over business matters. Eventually, Mr. Eddy moved on to develop other projects in the El Paso area. He never returned to the area he had given his name. Carlsbad has an Eddy Street, Eddy Elementary School, and is the county seat of Eddy County.
Sunday, October 14, 2012
The Streets of Carlsbad - Tansill Street
Robert Weems Tansill |
Mr. Eddy
envisioned an irrigation project fed by the Pecos River along a canal he named,
"Halagueno". Charles Eddy and his brother John formed a
corporation and began looking for investors.
Soon after, Eddy met with Pat Garrett, who was operating a ranch south
of Roswell. Garrett was also trying to
raise funds for a canal he called "The Great Northern Canal.” Garrett’s project, if extended southward, would
provide irrigation for up to 40,000 acres.
These two teamed up with Charles W. Greene and began their venture. They hired engineers and had plans drawn up.
In
searching for capital, they made the acquaintance of Robert Weems Tansill. Tansill had made a fortune manufacturing
“Punch” cigars in Chicago, the first cigars to the use concept of
branding. His cigars were advertised on
billboards and were the first to use cigar bands. Due to health problems, he had come west on
the advice of his doctor and settled in Colorado Springs. Tansill joined “the
Company” and later moved to Carlsbad to better manage his investment. Along with his money and business sense, he also had connections. Tansill introduced “the Company” to James John Hagerman. Mr. Tansill loved
the community and stayed here until his death in 1902. Tansill Street,
Tansill Dam, and Lower Tansill Dam are evidence of his significant influence in
the development of our community.
Sunday, October 7, 2012
The Streets of Carlsbad - Canal Street
View Southward from the Alonzo Luckey tower at 206. N. Canyon; Second section of Hagerman Hotel completed, National Bank Building on Canal Street completed. |
Did you ever wonder about the names of the streets in
Carlsbad? Here in the desert our busiest
street is named Canal. Most towns have
streets named Main, Center, or Park, and tree streets, like Oak, or Elm. Some were platted with named streets one direction
and numbered cross streets. How did
Carlsbad’s streets get their names? This
column will reveal a little of the history of our town and how it grew to be
the place we live today.
The town of
Eddy was conceived by a group of promoters in 1887. Charles B. Eddy, co-owner of the Eddy-Bissell
Cattle Company, envisioned an irrigation project fed by the Pecos River. Another irrigation promoter was Pat Garrett,
the lawman famous for killing Billy the Kid.
These men teamed up with Charles W. Greene, Robert W. Tansill, along
with Arthur Mermod, Joseph Stevens, and Elmer Williams to found the Pecos Land
and Ditch Company.
In 1888, The
Ditch Company hired B.A. Nymeyer to survey and plat the first eighteen blocks
of the municipality. Six streets ran east-west
and four streets ran north-south. The six east-west streets were named after
investors or their friends. The four north-south streets were Canal, Canyon,
Main, and River Streets. Mr. Greene
supposedly insisted the town be named for Mr. Eddy. On September 15, 1888 they christened the
venture by breaking a bottle of Champagne on a rock at the Pecos River
crossing. Mr. Eddy began planting
cottonwood poles and marking out streets. The first town building was The Land
and Ditch Company building, a wooden structure on Greene. A few lots were sold for $50 each and
construction began.
The purpose
of the venture was to create an oasis so inviting that people from back east
would purchase lots from the Land and Ditch Company. Advertisements placed in eastern newspapers
lured people to move to Eddy. The ads described
the lush greenery made possible by the canals and ditches that delivered water
from the Pecos River to almost every property in town. These successful ads brought people from as
far away as Switzerland to settle in the town with the “Canal.”
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